Electromagnetic lock how it works

Electromagnetic lock

What is electromagnetic lock?

Electromagnetic lock, also known as magnetic lock, has the same working principle as electromagnet. It is based on the physical principle of electromagnetism, generates magnetic field in specific materials through electric current, and then uses the power of magnetic field to achieve the function of locking the door.

How electromagnetic locks work

1. The core components of electromagnetic locks usually include silicon steel sheets and adsorption iron plates. When current passes through silicon steel sheets, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, a magnetic field will be generated around the silicon steel sheets. This magnetic field makes the electromagnetic lock generate a strong suction force, which can tightly absorb the adsorption iron plate, thereby achieving the effect of locking the door. It is worth noting that although a strong suction force is required, the current required for the electromagnetic lock to work is actually not large. This high-efficiency conversion makes electromagnetic locks widely used in access control systems.

2. The access control system is usually connected to the electromagnetic lock to control the power supply of the electromagnetic lock. When the access control system recognizes an authorized person, it will send a signal to cut off the power supply of the electromagnetic lock. Once the power is cut off, the electromagnetic lock loses its magnetic force, the adsorption iron plate is no longer attracted, and the door can be easily opened. This design not only simplifies the process of opening the door, but also improves security, because only authorized personnel can pass the verification of the access control system and then control the switch of the electromagnetic lock.

Why choose electromagnetic locks for fire doors

The reason why electromagnetic locks are suitable for access control of escape doors or fire doors is that they do not have complex mechanical structures and the structure of the lock tongue. In emergency situations, such as fires or earthquakes, escape doors need to be opened quickly, and electromagnetic locks can be quickly disabled due to the lack of mechanical obstacles, thus facilitating the evacuation of personnel.

The suction strength of the electromagnetic lock is usually expressed in pounds (LB), and the test method uses static pressurization. This means that after the electromagnetic lock is powered on, the pulling force on the adsorption iron plate is gradually increased until the pulling force exceeds the suction force of the electromagnetic lock, and the adsorption iron plate is instantly pulled apart. The pulling force data recorded at this time is the pulling force value of the electromagnetic lock. In order to maximize the suction force of the electromagnetic lock, the force between the electromagnetic lock and the adsorption iron plate must be face-to-face linear pressurization during the test.

In addition, the interior of the electromagnetic lock is usually infused with epoxy resin to protect the lock body from erosion by the external environment. This protective measure not only extends the service life of the electromagnetic lock, but also improves its stability and reliability.

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